Given clause describes creation and use of masks in AE and is calculated on those who does first steps in development of postprocessing and kompozitinga images. You learn to create, edit and animirovat' the form of a mask, learn about main principles of functioning of the described tool. All underwritten assumes use of versions AE 6. and above. The author of clause leans exclusively on own experience and in advance apologizes for possible discrepancy of formulations in comparison with axiomatic descriptions of those or other properties and functions. We shall for the beginning be defined with purpose and the basic properties of masks. So, the mask can be closed (closed) or not closed (opened).
The closed mask represents a geometrical figure of the any form which first point coincides with last. Having applied such mask to a layer, you do transparent the area of the image laying outside of a mask.
It is possible to invert action of a mask, that is, to make transparent area inside of a figure. For this purpose it is necessary to open access to parameters of a mask, having clicked on a triangle to the left of brigge laurids malte notebook a name of a layer on Timeline, and then on a triangle to the left of word Masks — the basic properties of a mask will open
The note: for acceleration of access to properties of a mask on Timeline it is enough to press twice a key "M" at the allocated layer — properties of all masks which are being on the given layer will open. Having put a tag in a floor "Invert", you replace action of a mask on opposite Thus, it is possible to exclude from the image any objects (preliminary having solved how to fill the formed emptiness), or to remove everything, except for an interesting element of a picture (for example to separate object from a background). To create the closed mask it is possible in several ways. A command of the main menu.
In this case you receive the rectangular mask accepted by default on all perimeter of a layer. Having chosen on the panel of tools brigge laurids malte notebook Tools tool Restangular mask tool or Eleptical mask tool and simply stretching a framework under the image, keeping the left button of the mouse. It is simple to guess, that at the first chosen tool the mask will turn out the rectangular form, and in the second — oval. If necessary to create a square or round mask, it is necessary to keep key Shift at extension of a framework of creation of a mask on the image. Having chosen on the panel of tools Tools tool Pen to draw a mask of the any form. This way of creation of masks is completely identical to drawing of curves by the one-nominal tool in Photoshop. On the panel of tools Tools tool Pen has the dropping out list: actually Pen, and also two similar tools with signs + and-. All is simple enough — tool Pen + (Add vertex tool) adds new points, and Pen-(Delete vertex tool) deletes existing. The tool with brigge laurids malte notebook a sign on a corner (Convert vertex tool) serves for converting an existing point of a mask from an angular condition (that is when the line of a mask has a break in this point) in a condition of curve Bez'e when the form of a mask at passage through top can be edited by means of vectors. Small addition: the top of a mask can have two conditions — allocated and not allocated. To move and make other actions with tops it is possible only at their allocated condition. For allocation of top it is enough to click on it the cursor. To allocate tops by turns it is possible, keeping Shift, allocation of several tops by means of a stretched framework also is possible. To allocate a mask entirely, that is all its tops, it is enough to click the mouse on parameter Mask Shape on Timeline.
In figure above the left top point is converted from angular in Bez'e by means brigge laurids malte notebook of tool Convert vertex tool. Repeated click at this top would result it in an initial condition. Pay attention, what exactly this top is in this case allocated, and looks like zatonirovannogo a square, thus all other tops are not allocated and look like a square framework. If to allocate some tops and to click on any of them tool Convert vertex tool changes will undergo all the allocated tops.
So that on an available image to leave only the machine, it is necessary for leading round precisely on perimeter a mask. For these purposes it is expedient to increase the image up to 200-4 % (key) in window Monitor and to develop it on all screen. The more will be points, the allocation of object will be more exact, but a plenty of brigge laurids malte notebook tops has as well the minuses about what you learn later.
Let's consider the basic properties of a mask accessible both on Timeline, and in the main menu of program Layer Mask. Near to name Mask there is yellow (by default) a square. It is color of a line of your mask. In most cases yellow color is contrastly enough looked on the image but if you will try to create a mask on similar on color or simply white picture will see, that yellow color of a mask not bad to replace, for example, on black. For this purpose it is enough to click on the yellow aforesaid kvadratike and in the appeared dialogue window to specify the necessary color. In the same line hardly more to the right there is a dropping out list of modes of interaction of masks with the image and among themselves. By brigge laurids malte notebook default any new mask has a mode of functioning Add. We do not begin to stop in detail on each of them, we shall note only, that if you on a layer have some masks at their crossing it is expedient to replace mode Add on Intersect and to experiment with flag Invert for achievement of necessary result. Mode None disconnects influence of a mask on a layer and is used at one more form of use of masks about what it will be told below. Click by the mouse on parameter Shape opens a dialogue window with coordinates of the dimensional container of a mask and an opportunity to choose (to change) its form. The author of clause cannot remember any case when this window would appear useful. Mask Feather is responsible for degradation of borders of a mask. If you separate object from a background, for example, that degradation of 1- pixels will help to smooth discrepancies of your mask and to give realism to the combined image as at usual shooting border of objects extremely seldom happen so sharp, how much allows to make application of brigge laurids malte notebook a mask. There is an opportunity to choose an orientation of degradation — on axis X, Y or on both axes that happens it is useful at addition to the image of decorative elements. By default directions of degradation X and Y are connected among themselves and to have an opportunity to adjust them separately, it is necessary to remove a tag of blocking. Mask Opacity is responsible for opacity of that part of the image which you by means of masks have left visible.
Mask Expansion allows to narrow or move apart a contour of the created mask. All the listed parameters suppose animation. It is necessary to note one more opportunity of editing of the form of a mask. Having pressed Ctrl+T at the allocated mask or twice having clicked the mouse precisely on its line, it is possible to get access to editing the so-called dimensional container of a mask. With its help it is possible to rotate, move or brigge laurids malte notebook skalirovat' the form of a mask entirely. Now we shall consider a way animirovaniya masks.
The animated mask is a mask, the form (and-or other parameters) which varies eventually. It is necessary to note separately, that parameter Mask Shape reflects not only change, actually, forms of a mask, but also its position in 2d space. That is, if simply to drag a mask on a new place, not changing its form this action also is fixed by parameter Mask shape. As well as an overwhelming part of animations in AE, animation of a mask usually realizovy'vaetsya by means of the key staff.
Let's admit, it is necessary to separate passing machine from a background to insert it into other environment. The machine moves, therefore it is necessary for us animirovat' the form of a mask. So, in the first the staff we lead round object a line by brigge laurids malte notebook means of tool Pen, forming the closed mask. That all the further changes of the form of a mask were fixed by the program automatically, the first key the staff is necessary for exposing manually. For this purpose it is necessary to press simply the image of hours near to parameter Mask Shape. Now, if to change the form of a mask in any the staff on Timeline key the staff in this place it will be automatically created. We shall move on five staff on Timeline. The object in the staff has moved — accordingly, it is necessary to correct the form of a mask. Here it becomes clear, that the abundance of tops in a mask not too well affects in the decision of our problem. (in the resulted example brigge laurids malte notebook under a layer with a mask the original image for presentation) is enclosed. In this case the object interesting us does not change the outlines, and simply moves in the staff, therefore it is possible to try to edit the form of a mask in each 5-th staff. (at branch from a background of object constantly changing the form, for example, the gesticulating person, at you will not be other output, except for how to edit the form of a mask in everyone the staff). Thus, the form of a mask will undergo changes from one key staff to another. Just in case check up, whether the form of a mask and the form of separated object between the key staff coincides, and if necessary correct for a mask. Do not forget, tops can be moved groups, to convert in Bez'e, to add new and to delete unnecessary. The note: If to try to remove any top in any place, except for the brigge laurids malte notebook first key staff you will see the prevention which essence that the top will be removed from all process of animation of a mask, that is its removal entails unforeseen change of the form of a mask. That it has not occured, it is necessary in window Preferences, on vkladke General to remove a tag. It will correct this problem, and the top will leave only on certain key the staff. After the form of a mask will precisely coincide with the form of the machine during all animation, it is necessary to coordinate prospect and to make a shadow from the machine. To everyone who will do the described process up to the end, it becomes obvious, how much this laborious and long employment. It is necessary to note, that in professional work such reception is used extremely seldom — only when there is no an opportunity to replace or make a copy of a similar stage in view of the subsequent keinga. And at all because, that brigge laurids malte notebook it long or difficultly — simply most careful branch of object by means of a mask obviously is worse, than shootings with use hromakeya and the subsequent branch of object to a color attribute (keing). The part — is more often used by masks so-called combined keing when the part of object is separated from the general picture to a color attribute, and. It is a theme of the separate clause, therefore here the given decision will not be mentioned.
From all extensive sphere of application of the closed masks we shall stop on influence of any filter not on the image, and on that its part that is allocated by a mask.
So, the initial image. It is supposed, that one soap bubble will be shone, from the second beams will proceed, and on the third will be sy'mitirovany' linzovy'e patches of light. Thus, it is necessary for us four identical images brigge laurids malte notebook — on one on each ball and one more, initial, as a substrate (if to all soap bubbles the same filter two images would suffice also was applied). That produblirovat' the layer on Timeline, is enough to allocate of it and to press Ctrl+D. It is necessary to create a mask of the round form around of each ball. On resulted below figure all masks for presentation are made on one layer, actually, if we want, that each soap bubble "behaved" differently each mask needs to be drawn on the separate duplicate of a layer, preliminary having allocated it. The fourth layer remains untouched. The note: If you work with a multilayered composition before starting to create a mask, necessarily specify, what layer is at present allocated, and, if necessary, allocate necessary. Drawing of a mask occurs on the allocated layer. In this case the static picture brigge laurids malte notebook is used, and masks do not demand animation. If to use video masks it is necessary animirovat' in compliance with movement of soap bubbles. In problems of given clause there is no description of application of filters, only the principle therefore will be described. If to disconnect visibility of the bottom layer such picture should turn out. And, each ball — a separate layer. The principle of this method consists that the filter is applied only to a part of the image allocated by a mask. At use as a substrate the initial, not touched changes of a picture the combined image where action of filters is limited by regions of masks turns out. In this case to each layer with a separate ball have been applied accordingly BCC Glint, Trapcode Shine and Sipphire Glow. Parameters of these filters also animiruemy' brigge laurids malte notebook and at use of a video fragment the picture would turn out entertainment enough. Now we shall consider, that such not closed mask. It, as a matter of fact, simply trajectory, not rendering in itself any influence on the image. Not closed masks are used at application of some filters, as a way of use for action of effect. As an example — morfing videoimages, also filter Stroke forming a line on the image on a way of a mask, plug-in Reflex can serve in the action leaning on not closed masks, the animated text which way of animation passes on not closed mask, and some other filters. Any not closed mask can be transformed in closed by means of installation of a tag near to command Closed of the main or contextual menu. In this case between two extreme tops there will be a line, and the mask will turn in closed, that is, begins to influence the image. Probably and return transformation when the closed mask will turn in opened, only it is preliminary necessary to allocate two tops, and at removal of tag Closed the mask will open between them. Any mask can be brigge laurids malte notebook copied in the buffer of an exchange and is inserted into other layer. If it is necessary to copy all parameters of a mask it is necessary to allocate them on Timeline before copying. In case of allocation only a name of a mask its form will be copied only. The mask can be blocked, having established the lock to the left of its name. This function happens irreplaceable, when on a layer some the crossed masks demanding editing. Duplication of a mask is made in the same way, as well as duplication of a layer — Ctrl+D. The example of one of non-standard methods of application of a mask will be at last resulted.
If to copy in the buffer of an exchange the form of a mask (the form — allocated line Mask shape) and to insert then into the allocated parameter Position of other layer for last layer animation of movement on puti-maske with the number of the key staff equal to quantity of tops in a mask will be created.
Vitaly Vertyakov (vertvv@mv.ru) It is published on February, 20th, 2006
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